An Investigation of the Image of Violets in Persian Poetry

Document Type : scientific-research

Author

Professor of Persian language and literature, University of Qom, Qom, Iran.

Abstract

Persian poets have made use of violets in their poetry and paid attention to particulars and descriptions of violets. The purpose of this study is to investigate numerous and various images of violets. The evolution of this image in different periods at the vertical axis of Persian literary history is studied as well. Also, the amount of innovations and imitations in this illustration and also the variety of violet poetic images are determined. All images for violets are classified and studied in 54 Persian poets and, according to the factor of initiator and imitator poet, original and imitative images are presented. Tables and charts are used to show the frequency and images of violets. The results of the study indicate that more than 552 various images and 248 original images appear in these works and that images referring to the relation between violets and hair and tress, violets and jasmine, violets and mustache, violets and bruises, violets and curvature, violets and tulip, violets and smell, violets and indigo are respectively more frequent. In this selection, the poems of different poets with various styles have been used, from first-class and famous poets to poets with lesser fame. This selection has a great variety, for example, the poets of lyric poetry, ode poetry, Masnavi poetry ... and mystical, ascetic and secular poets ... and types of epic, lyrical, didactic and ... poetry in this selection and research have been. Some poets such as Qatran with 29 images, Khaghani with 19 images, Manouchehri with 16 images, Farrokhi with 15 images, Amir Mo'ezzi with 14 images, Nezami with 13 images, and Attar with 12 images, have created the most innovative and latest poetic images of violets. As can be seen, violets and human beings are 50%, violets and object 20%, violets and nature 18%, violets and animals 4.5%, violets and literary compositions 3.5%, violets and colors 2%, violets and immaterial concepts 1% and violets and the location of 1% of the images are included.

Keywords

References

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History

  • Receive Date: 30 May 2020
  • Revise Date: 14 August 2020
  • Accept Date: 13 October 2020

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