Image in Image (Research in all-Connected Images Based on Hafez's lyric Poems)

Document Type : scientific-research

Author

Associate Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran .

10.22059/jlcr.2022.343900.1853

Abstract

In the realm of rhetorical sciences, some terms used to describe rhetorical techniques or imaginative imagery have proven inaccurate for various reasons. Presently, there exists an urgent necessity to reassess and redefine their meanings through further examination. Among these techniques lies the densely woven use of multiple images within the structure of a stanza or verse, referred to by rhetorical scholars as the "invention of multiple images," "double images," and "duplication of images." These definitions and terms warrant deeper contemplation, as revisiting them could potentially unveil new avenues into the realm of imagination and poetic imagery. A novel perspective may offer a more precise and lucid elucidation of the artist's intent within this craft.
This article aims to explore an artistic form and aesthetic creativity, a distinctive type of imagery. It endeavors to provide an extensive explanation, reinterpretation, and comprehensive terminology for this rhetorical art. Rather than mere amalgamation of imaginary images or innovative techniques, this artistry involves crafting various forms of imagination within the structure of a stanza or verse. These forms are intricately interconnected in terms of compositional elements, such that one imaginative form becomes an integral component of another, resulting in an intricately woven textual tapestry.
      The research was conducted using descriptive and analytical methods, employing a library study approach. The focus of analysis was Hafez's ghazals. The author meticulously examined all of Hafez's ghazals, identifying and scrutinizing the underlying imagery.
     This study introduced a concept termed "joint building," illuminating the collaborative construction of these imaginative forms. Additionally, the research traces the trajectory of this artistic form within rhetorical works, exploring its meanings, definitions, implications, and its association with established terms in later rhetorical literature. A novel perspective proposes an alternative definition and term, thereby enhancing the precision and clarity of the poet's intention.
The article's outcome underscores the necessity for revisiting and refining certain aspects of rhetorical sciences due to various inadequacies. The lack of precision in terminology and nomenclature for several rhetorical techniques impedes a comprehensive understanding of the nuances within aesthetics and rhetoric.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Arian Pourkashani, Manouchehr (2001), Arian Pour's one-volume Farhan, Tehran, Jahan Computer. (In Persian)
Ibne abi al-asbaa, Zaki-al-Din (1989), Badi-al-Qur'an, with the efforts of Seyyed Ali Mirlohi, Mashhad, Astane Quds. (In Persian)
Ibne Sobki, Ahmad Ibne Ali (2001), Arous Al-Afrah fi Sharhe Talkis al-Meftah, with the efforts of Khalil Ebrahim Khalil, Beirut, Dar al-Kotob al-Elmiya
Barahani, Reza (1992), Tala Dar mes, Tehran, Zaryab. (In Persian)
Taj al-Halawi, Ali ebine Mohammad (2004), Daqaeq al-Shear, by the efforts of Mohammad Kazem Imam, Ch 2, Tehran, University of Tehran. (In Persian)
Sarvatian, Behrouz (2004), The art of expression in the creation of imagination, Tehran, Amirkabir. (In Persian)
Hafez, Shams al-Din Mohammad (1989), Divan of Poems, Edited by Mohammad Qazvini and Qasim Ghani, Ch 2, Tehran, Irfan. (In Persian)
Dehkhoda, Ali Akbar (1972), dictionary, under the supervision of Mohammad Moein and Seyyed Jaafar Shahidi, first edition, Tehran, Siros Publishing. (In Persian)
Rastgarfasai, Mansour (1990), Imagery in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, Ch. 2, Shiraz, Shiraz University. (In Persian)
Rashide Watwat, Mohammad Omari Katebe Balkhi (1983), Hadaiq al-Sehr fi Daqaeq al-she'ar, edited by Abbas Iqbal Ashtiani, Tehran: Tahori and Sanai. (In Persian)
Zarqani, Mehdi (2004), Iran's Contemporary Poetry Perspective, Tehran, Nashthalth.
Shafi'i Kadkani, Mohammad Reza (1987), Imagination in Persian Poetry, Ch. 3, Tehran, Aghaz. (In Persian)
Sarfi, Mohammad Reza (2009), “Multiple Expressions in Persian Poetry”, Persian Language and Literature, Volume 1, 102-132. (In Persian)
Talibian, Yahya (1378), images in the poetry of Khorasani style poets, Kerman, Imad Kermani. (In Persian)
Taheri, Hamid (2010), “An Approach to ambiguity in Persian Poems”, Literature and Language, Vol. 28, 113-138. (In Persian)
Taherinia, Ali Baqer (2006), “Review of the image of nature in Manouchehri Damghani's and Ibne Khafajah's Andalusi poetry”, Arabic language and literature, vol. 2, 143-156. (In Persian)
Abbaasi, Nozar, Ali Baaqer Taheriniya and Fatemeh Sadeghizadeh (2015), “Criticism and comparative study of juxtaposition of images in the poetry of Manochehri Damghani and Ibne Khafaje Andalusi”, Kavosh-naame of Comparative Literature, Q5, No. 18, 165-185. (In Persian)
Fotuhi, Mahmud (2006), Image Rhetoric, Tehran, Sokhan. (In Persian)
Farshidvard, Khosrow (1996), Hafez's plays, Tehran, Safi-Alishah. (In Persian)
Karimi Fard, Gholamreza (2018), Comparative Rhetoric, Tehran, Samt. (In Persian)
Ferdowsi (1998), Shahnameh, edited by Jul Mol, introduction by Siavash Agah, first edition, Tehran, Agha. (In Persian)
Matlub, Ahmed (2000), Dictionary of rhetorical terms, Beirut, Lebanese School. (In Persian)
Nizami (2001), Makhzan al-Asrar, by the efforts of Saeed Hamidian, Ch 5, Tehran, qatreh. (In Persian)
Mirsadeghi Mayment (1997), Dictionary of poetic art, Ch. 2, Tehran, Mahnaz book. (In Persian)
Vaez Kashifi Sabzevari, Mirza Hossein (1990), Bada'i al-Afkar fi Sanayeaal-Ashaar, corrected by Mirjalal-ud-Din Kazazi, Tehran, publishing center. (In Persian)
Homaei, Jalaloddin (1988), Rhetorical Techniques and Literary Industries, Ch 4, Tehran, Homa. (In Persian)

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 05 June 2022
  • Revise Date: 01 October 2022
  • Accept Date: 02 October 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics