Journal of Literary Criticism and Rhetoric

Journal of Literary Criticism and Rhetoric

Mythological review and criticism of the two symbolic tools of Jamshid "sūuurā and aštrā " based on Avesta and Sanskrit texts.

Document Type : scientific-research

Authors
Farzaneh Azam Lotfi 1
Mojtaba Doroodi 2
1 Associate Professor and faculty member of the Department of Ancient Culture and Languages - Indian Studies University of Tehran
2 Manager,Persepolis Museum & The Center for Epigraphical Studies. PhD student of ancient Iranian languages, University of Tehran
10.22059/jlcr.2025.384432.2030
Abstract
sūuurā and aštrā are the names of two tools that Ahura Mazda provided Jamshid with as a Jamshid as a symbolic object. Although some researchers have paid attention to these two tools; however, it seems that their nature is not properly known and introduced. In a general view, some researchers have concepts such as: arrow, A plow, a seal, a jewel ring, a dagger and a sword, a stick, and finally a trumpet and a flute. Researchers have also mentioned meanings for aštrā: whip, dagger and so on Razors, spikes, weapons, canes and staffs, goads and trumpets have been considered. Although all the meanings are based on documentation; however, there is room for a detailed and methodical study of these Avestan names. It is seen in comparison with the ancient Indian vocabulary, which is the sister of the ancient Iranian languages. From On the other hand, ancient figures can also be helpful in deciphering these terms. The present study is an attempt to clear the ambiguity of these words. According to the documentation of this research, it may be possible to use the staff for aštrā, which a number of researchers have also mentioned; It made sense. But sūuurā was originally an ancient adjective that had a brilliant meaning and became a noun due to its many uses. This tool is possible It is a kind of magical weapon-tool that shines and radiates its magical effect. or it was just a shiny or studded device with the Indian ŚOBH root. This research is based on documentary studies. Since the comparative phonological rules between Avesta and Sanskrit are clear and legal, it is easier to deal with the etymology of Avesta words. so that, in addition to dealing with the references of other researchers about the two mentioned words, it has also analyzed them in the ancient texts of Iran and Sanskrit.
Keywords
The myth of Jamshid
sūuurā
aštrā
Avestan texts
Sanskrit Weapons and Symbols
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  • Receive Date 21 November 2024
  • Revise Date 15 February 2025
  • Accept Date 22 April 2025