Document Type : scientific-research
Author
Associate Professor Department of Persian Language & Literature, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Karaj, Iran
Abstract
From a long time ago, man has been concerned about the quality of his confrontation to the nature, and justification of world ending. So, he has been always trying to explain, through his ontological beliefs, the universe and the way it is created. One of these mythological beliefs is Zurvānism. It should be said that Zurvānism has not been a transient and variable issue in the history of Mazdyasna, but one of the early principles of the Zoroastrianism. Some scholars have considered Zurvān as absolute place (thwash), and someone as limitless time, and sometimes they have considered it as the concept of (fate) and destiny. The necessity of examining this issue lies in the importance of understanding the longstanding points and beliefs that reveal the meanings and mysteries of Shahnameh and explain some of the complexities of this literary masterpiece; because Ferdowsi has made combined the miraculous phenomena of myth and heroism, whose existence is essential in epic, and has tried to join myth and epic. The question is: "Can one compare the manifestation of "Zurvān" in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh with the existence of Zāl?", and also: "Symbolically, what/who are Zurvān's natural elements and helpers in Shahnameh?" The reflection of Zurvāni theories on existence, the birth and the marriage of Zāl, the victory of Rustam on Esfandiar on the one hand, and Rustam and Shaqād as the sons of Zurvān, "Hourmazd and Ahriman" on the other hand are quite obvious in present study.
Keywords