Ahmadi, Babak (1991), Text Structure and Interpretation, Tehran, Markaz. (In Persian)
Anousheh, Hassan (2002), Persian Literary Dictionary: Selection of Terms, Subjects and Themes of Persian Literature, Encyclopedia of Persian Literature, Volume IV, Second Edition, Tehran, Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance. (In Persian)
Bavara, Morris (1995), "Romantic Imagination", Translated by Farahid Shirazian, Arganun, No 2, pp 55ـ 78. (In Persian)
Chadwick, Charles (1997) Symbolism, Translated by Mehri Haji, Third Edition, Tehran, Markaz. (In Persian)
Chevalier, Jean & Gheerbrant, Alain (2000), The Culture of Symbols, Volume II, First Edition, Tehran, Jeyhun. (In Persian)
ـــــــــــــــــ (2003), The Culture of Symbols, Volume III, First Edition, Tehran, Jeyhun. (In Persian)
ـــــــــــــــــ (2006), The Culture of Symbols, Volume IV, First Edition, Tehran, Jeyhun. (In Persian)
ـــــــــــــــــ (2008), The Culture of Symbols, Volume V, First Edition, Tehran, Jeyhun. (In Persian)
Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1998), Dictionary, Second Edition, Tehran, University of Tehran. (In Persian)
Fazaili, Soodabeh (2007), “The world without a symbol and the spiritual death of man”, Azma Mehr, No 53, pp 8ـ 11. (In Persian)
Fotoohi Rudmajani, Mahmoud (2010), Picture Rhetoric, Second Edition, Tehran, Scientific. (In Persian)
Fromm, Erich (1999), The Forgotten Language, Translated by Ebrahim Amanat, Sixth Edition, Tehran, Firoozeh. (In Persian)
Ghobadi, Hossein Ali & Khosravi Shakib, Mohammad (2015), Mirror Ritual: The Evolution of Symbolism in Iranian Culture and Persian Literature, Tehran, Tarbiat Modares University. (In Persian)
Jung, Carl Gustav (2016), Man and His Symbols, Translated by Mahmoud Soltanieh, Tenth Edition, Tehran, Jami. (In Persian)
Mirsadeghi (Zolghadr), Meymant (1995), Poetic Art Dictionary: A Detailed Culture of Poetry Reforms and Its Styles and Schools, Tehran, Mahnaz Book. (In Persian)
Mirsadeghi, Jamal (1997), Elements of the Story, Tehran: Sokhan. (In Persian)
Pourdavod, Ebrahim (1977), Culture of Ancient Iran, Tehran, University of Tehran. (In Persian)
Pourjavady, Nasrollah (1992), "The problem of Defining Swords in Persian love poetry", Maaref, 8, pp 99- 115. (In Persian)
Pournamdarian, Taghi (1989), Mysteries and Mysterious Stories in Persian Literature, Third Edition, Tehran, Scientific and Cultural. (In Persian)
Razi, Hashem (2003), Mehr Religion: Studies in the Mysterious History of Mithraism in East and West, Tehran, Behjat Publications. (In Persian)
Sanford, John (2008), Hidden Friend, Translated by terme Firoozeh Nivandi, second Edition, Tehran, Afkar. (In Persian)
Seyed Hosseini, Reza (2008), Literary Schools, Fourteenth Edition, Tehran, Negah. (In Persian)
Shamisa, Sirus (1993), The Story of a Soul, First Edition, Tehran, Ferdows. (In Persian)
Tayefi, Shirzad & Maysa, Gazmohammadli (1396), “A Comparative Introduction to Social Symbolism in the Poetry of Mirzadeh Eshghi and Ahmad Matar”, The Second International Conference on Literature and Linguistics, pp 270ـ 278. (In Persian)
Tayefi, Shirzad & Erfani-Fard, Ameneh (2021), “Comparative Analysis of The Mourners of Bayal by Gholam-Hossein Saedi and The Blindness of Jose Saramago from the Perspective of Symbolism”, Research in Contemporary World Literature, 25, pp 1ـ 77. (In Persian)
Tavallali, Fereidoon (1963), Nafeh, first Edition, Shiraz, life Edition. (In Persian)
Trudgill, Peter (1997), Social Linguistics: An Introduction to Language and Society, Translated by Mohammad Tabatabai, Tehran, Agah. (In Persian)
Vasefi, Mahmoud (1964), “Professions and speeches about Fereidoon Tavallali”, Tehran, Arash, 1, pp 136ـ 139. (In Persian)
Zarghani, Mehdi (2004), Perspectives on Contemporary Iranian Poetry, First Edition, Tehran, Sales. (In Persian)
Zarrinkoob, hamid (1980), Perspectives on Persian poetry, First Edition, Tehran, Toos. (In Persian)