Document Type : Scientific extension
Authors
Associate Professor of Persian Language and Literature , Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
Abstract
The science of rhetoric has an ancient background in the Persian language and literature, and many works have been composed in this regard since ancient times. Among these works, we should mention Badai al-Sana'i, a valuable map by Fasih Dasht-Bayazi, one of the prominent scientists of the 8th lunar century. The mentioned work is valuable in the field of rhetoric in several ways, first of all, it is the first Persian rhetorical work that independently deals with the knowledge of meanings. The other one has dealt with the collection of rhetorical techniques (Rhetoric and Literary devices) and some literary knowledge such as prosody and rhyme and the subject of plagiarism. The classifications, definitions and examples mentioned are innovative and rare compared to the previous Persian rhetorical works. In order to explain the values of the work and to understand its author's approach to the knowledge of expression, in this article, Badai-al-Sana'i is compared with the previous works of Persian rhetoric (Tarjoman-ul-Balagha, Hadaeq-al-Sehr, Al-Moa'jam, Haqayeq-al-Hadaeq and Badai-al-Sana'i Nishaburi) has taken. From the point of view of this analogy, it becomes clear that Dasht Bayazi has an independent and modernist approach in explaining rhetorical topics and the precise definitions and divisions of rhetorical categories, in such a way that he has many types for rhetorical branches. It is mentioned that it is not seen in his previous works. With regard to this category, Dasht-Beyazi should be mentioned as one of the founders of rhetorical discussions in a new form. The structure of the work in the expression section is in three topics: simile, irony, and permissible, and metaphor is also considered one of the permissible branches.
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