Document Type : scientific-research
Authors
1 Ph.D. Candidate in Persian Language and Literature, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Abstract
One of the approaches of literary criticism that, apart from looking at the effective elements in literary writing, criticizes the format and external body of the works; The school is formalism. The present research deals with the aesthetic analysis of some selected quatrains of Iraj Zebardast, a contemporary Iranian poet, using the approach of formalist criticism. Formalist criticism, as one of the most important approaches of literary criticism in the 20th century, focuses on the structure and form of the literary work and believes that the meaning and beauty of the work can be understood primarily through its formal elements. In this research, first, the theoretical foundations of formalist criticism are briefly explained; Then, by selecting some important quatrains from the mentioned poet, a detailed analysis of their formal elements is done. These elements include weight, rhyme, row, literary arrays such as (pun, metaphor, irony and simile), syntactic structure, and how these elements relate to each other in creating meaning and aesthetic effect. The results of this analysis show that in his quatrains, Zebardast has skilfully used the formal capacities of this poetic form. The artistic use of the weight and inner music of words, the use of pristine and non-repetitive rhymes, the use of literary techniques in the service of meaning, and the creation of a link between form and content are among the distinctive features of his quatrains. This research also examines how the elements of form affect the transfer of concepts and themes intended by the poet and shows how form and content are intermingled in Zebardast’s quatrains and have formed a coherent and effective whole.
Keywords
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