Paying attention to different aspects of a literary work is a characteristic of the new schools of literary criticism, which use the latest achievements of human sciences to leave different dimensions and readings of literary works. Paying attention to the various elements of the works, especially the character, is considered in the critique of psychology, especially Martin Seligman's positivist theory. This article, while applying the positivist theory of Martin Seligman in the mentioned works, in order to answer the research questions, the points of commonality and difference between the two authors and their reasons and causes were investigated with a descriptive analytical method. Based on the foundations of the American school of comparative literature, the present research compares the character of Gorkan in the poem "Digger of the Tombs" by Badr Shaker Al-Saiyab with the character of Aydin in the novel "Symphony of the Dead" by Abbas Maroufi. The results of the researcher indicate that the negativity and the main character of the stories of Al-Siyab and Maroufi are not only rooted in the influence of the two authors on each other. Rather, it is rooted in honest common experiences that have been left behind by individuals from the two societies of Iran and Iraq. with the difference that the characters of the story (grave digger) have defined the cause of negativity in the shortages caused by the war of poverty and corruption While Orhan, in addition to misunderstanding the concept of justice, has linked emotional and family deficiencies with positivism.

, it is rooted in honest common experiences that have been left behind by individuals from the two societies of Iran and Iraq. with the difference that the characters of the story (grave digger) have defined the cause of negativity in the shortages caused by the war of poverty and corruption While Orhan, in addition to misunderstanding the concept of justice, has linked emotional and family deficiencies with positivism.